奥地利专利AT513115A2 Electromechanical locking device for a firearm to allow use only by the authorized user

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专利摘要:
Locking device for firearms (1), wherein a locking unit (5) on the firearm (1) is arranged, wherein the locking unit (5) comprises at least one electromechanical locking mechanism (6) and at least one active retaining element (11), wherein the locking device further comprises a the firearm (1) comprises a separate unlocking element (4), this unlocking element (4) being attached to an unlocking unit (3) having a receiving area into which the weapon (1) can be at least partly inserted, the blocking mechanism ( 6) can only be brought into a release state (22) when the weapon (1) is at least partially inserted into the receiving area of the unlocking unit (3).
公开号:AT513115A2
申请号:T507322013
申请日:2013-11-05
公开日:2014-01-15
发明作者:Gerald Ing Mag Wuerkner
申请人:Wuerkner；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

P13435
Electromechanical locking device for a firearm to use
ONLY TO BE ACCOMPANIED BY USERS AUTHORIZED THEREIN
The invention relates to a locking device, in particular an electromechanical locking device for firearms for releasable blocking by blocking or interrupting a firing trigger mechanism of a firearm.
Furthermore, the invention relates to a firearm with such a locking device, in particular a firearm with those components of the locking device, which are arranged on the firearm.
Moreover, the invention relates to an unlocking unit with those components of such a locking device, which are arranged on the unlocking unit.
Finally, the invention also relates to methods for solving a blocking of a firing firing mechanism of a firearm, wherein an above-mentioned blocking device is used for the releasable blocking by blocking or interrupting the firing mechanism of the firearm.
The task of locking firearms, so that only the authorized owner can use these, has already led to various shut-off devices.
An older mechanical approach attempts to solve the problem by activating the firearm as long as there is a pin or key in it, which is connected by a cord to the owner of the firearm, who is withdrawn upon stealing the firearm, such as in US 4,866,811 A or US 5,361,525 A or DE 43 00 532 Al. However, these approaches are unsuitable for many applications, since anyone who comes close to the owner of the firearm can disable the firearm by pulling on the cord. These proposals could therefore not gain any significance.
There are also different solutions in which an unlocking element directly determines the state of the weapon, such as DE 43 00 532 A1, US Pat. No. 6,474,011 B1, WO 2011/154858 A1 and AT 412823 B. 2/33 -2- PI3435
Most of the shut-off devices as well as e.g. in EP 1 443 295 B1 or DE 100 52 466 CI are characterized in that the unlocking takes in case of emergency too long time and the firearm remains unlocked after unlocking permanently until it is manually locked again. This ensures neither rapid availability nor exclusive use by its owner, as a once unlocked firearm can get into the wrong hands due to carelessness or in a scuffle and thus can be used against its owner.
To solve this problem, methods have hitherto been mainly proposed in which by means of radio technology, a communication between a transmitter and a receiver for the active circuit of the firearm provides. Such methods have long been prior art such as US 4,003,152 A, US 4,563,827 A, US 4,682,435 A or DE 4303333 Al, occupy, as well as in more recent documents such as US 2003/0070343 Al, DE 44 46 020 Al or US 2002/0112390 Al described. Solutions in which the transmitter operates in the manner of a transponder, for example, an energy transfer from the weapon to the transmitter, have long been disclosed, inter alia, in US 4,488,370 A or US 5,461,812 A. The disadvantages of these proposals are that a deliberate deactivation by interference of the identification signal by means of jammers, so-called whining, can take place and that they require comparatively much energy for the constant communication, since the radio link must be permanent, or at least repeated at frequent intervals, upright to keep the weapon unlocked. Because of these issues, these approaches lack the confidence of users and they could not prevail. Even fingerprint sensors could not establish themselves because of their limited usability and reliability so far in weapons.
In US 2001/0032405 Al a solution is disclosed in which, inter alia, a handle lock actuates a switch, whose state is electronically taken into account with activation of the weapon with simultaneous authorization by an authorization signal and this state maintained by the switch of the grip also can be. This solution is the basis for DE 60313227 T2, in which the unlocking element is a transponder with a biometric sensor is used and the active state of the weapon is maintained by a handle sensor. But even these two solutions have the disadvantage that the activation can be prevented by Jammer. Although it is attempted to solve this problem in US 2001/0032405 A1 by the 3/33 -3- PI3435
Use of magnetic communication to counter, but this solution is unsatisfactory.
In AT 511571 Bl, a very robust and reliable method has been disclosed by the same inventor, which is able to solve this problem in a very reliable way purely mechanically.
It is an object of the invention to provide a locking device for firearms, which allows reliable allocation of a firearm to a user and by which the use in the case of loss or theft of the firearm is blocked or prevented.
This object is achieved with a locking device of the type mentioned above, which comprises: +) a locking unit arranged on the firearm, wherein the locking unit *) comprises at least one electromechanical locking mechanism, and further *) comprises at least one active retaining element which is capable of to detect a user's hand on the firearm, preferably on a handle of the firearm, +) an unlocking element formed separately from the firearm, the unlocking element being attached to an unlocking unit having a receiving area for at least partially receiving the firearm, and wherein the locking mechanism of the locking unit has a locking mechanism coupling region, and wherein the unlocking element has a corresponding Entriegelungselement coupling region or forms a corresponding Entriegelungselement coupling region, and wherein the lock mechanism is coupled to the firing mechanism of the firearm such that in a locking state of the locking mechanism of the firing trigger mechanism is locked for firing a shot, and in a release state of the locking mechanism of the firing trigger mechanism is triggered, and wherein the active holding member with the locking mechanism so coupled, that the locking mechanism when it is in the release state, a) as long as in the release state, as the active holding member is in an active position or in an active state, and b) changes to a locking state when the active holding element in a Locking division or in a locked state changes, and wherein the locking device further comprises at least one switch, by means of which at least one switch via an electronic, eg at least one circuit, the unlocking element coupling region and / or the locking mechanism coupling region is switched on and off, and wherein, as a result of coupling the coupling regions, the locking mechanism changes from its locking state to the release state, wherein a coupling of the coupling regions takes place in that -) the firearm is at least partially inserted into the receptacle of the unlocking unit or inserted into the receptacle, and - at the same time at least the at least one switch is actuated or actuated. "Press " of the switch means that this is from a switching position "off " into a switching position "a " is brought, the electronics is thus turned on.
In a preferred solution, the locking device is designed so that the locking mechanism changes from the locking state to the release state when the two coupling regions are coupled and at the same time the active retaining element is in an active position or in an active state.
In an alternative preferred solution, the locking device is designed so that the locking mechanism changes from the locking state to the release state when the active retaining element is in an active position or in an active state, wherein the active retaining element are brought only in an active position or in an active state can if the two coupling areas are coupled. This can e.g. be effected in that a power supply for the active holding element is activated only by the coupling of the coupling regions. 5/33 -5- PI3435
In another alternative preferred solution, the locking device is designed so that the locking mechanism changes from the locking state to the release state when the two coupling regions are coupled, wherein the two coupling regions can only be coupled when the active retaining element in an active position or in an active state located. This can e.g. be effected in that only by the activation of the active holding element, a power supply for coupling the coupling areas is activated.
Furthermore, the object mentioned at the outset is solved by a method mentioned at the outset, which comprises the following steps: 1) at least partially inserting or introducing the firearm into the receiving area of the unlocking unit, 2) actuating the switch, preferably by pressing the switch or at least partially Introducing or introducing the firearm into the unlocking unit or at least partially removing or pulling the firearm from the unlocking unit or pressing the firearm into the unlocking unit, 3) Spend the active retaining element from a user from a blocking position or a blocking state into an active position or in an active state and simultaneous coupling of the two coupling areas, so that the locking mechanism of the firing device's firing mechanism blocking or interrupting the firing mechanism into a release releasing the firing mechanism of the firearm e state changes.
Likewise, the object mentioned at the outset is solved by a method mentioned at the outset, which comprises the following steps: 1) at least partially inserting or introducing the firearm into the receiving area of the unlocking unit, 2) actuating the switch, preferably by pressing the switch or at least partially Inserting or inserting the firearm into the unlocking unit or at least partially removing or pulling the firearm out of the unlocking unit or pushing the firearm into the unlocking unit, 3) coupling the two coupling areas, 4) moving the active retaining element away from it User of a blocking division or a locked state to an active position or in an active state, so that the locking mechanism of the firing device of the firearm blocking or interrupting locking state in a firing the firing mechanism releasing firearm release Zus tand changes.
Finally, the object mentioned at the outset is solved by a method mentioned at the outset, which comprises the following steps: 1) at least partially inserting or introducing the firearm into the receiving area of the unlocking unit, 2) actuating the switch, preferably by pressing the switch or at least partially Inserting or introducing the firearm into the unlocking unit or at least partially removing or pulling the firearm from the unlocking unit or pushing the firearm into the unlocking unit, 3) Spending the active retaining element from the user of a blocking division or a blocking state into an active position or in an active state; 4) coupling the two coupling regions such that the locking mechanism switches from the locking state blocking or interrupting the firing mechanism of the firearm to a firing state enabling the firing mechanism of the firearm orld.
Advantage of the present invention is that the weapon can only be brought into a state that allows the firing of a shot when it is at least partially inserted into the appropriate unlocking unit while being held by the user on the handle of the weapon, whereby one of these measures triggers a process which, by coupling coupling areas, checks whether, by virtue of the presence of a suitable unlocking element, the user is also entitled to use the weapon, the weapon being in the Connection can only be fired as long as the active holding element is activated by the hand on the handle (ie, is in the so-called active position / the so-called active state). If the active holding element deactivated (ie, that it changes to the so-called blocking position / the so-called blocking state), which happens automatically when no hand is detected on the handle of the weapon, the locking mechanism changes to the locked state and thus the weapon can not be fired ie the trigger can not be actuated or the actuation of the trigger does not trigger a shot. A disassembly of the weapon is preferably not possible in this locked state according to a known from AT 511571 Bl as prior art and not described here method. In order to bring the weapon back into a state that allows the firing of a shot, it must be re-introduced at least partially into a suitable unlocking unit. The fact that the weapon can only be unlocked when it is at least partially introduced into the unlocking unit, the coupling of the coupling areas takes place in a protected area, which can be shielded by the choice of suitable materials in addition also very easy, so can also A coupling via electromagnetic waves such as radio (RF) prevents a disturbance of this coupling by means of so-called. Jammern and thus excluded. A switch ensures that only then the attempt of coupling the coupling areas is undertaken, if this is also effective, which no energy is consumed in the idle state, which is crucial for a weapon, since a malfunction due to lack of energy can have serious consequences.
Thus, e.g. the unlocking element is located in a holster, which the user uses e.g. on the body. If the user wants to use the weapon, he pulls the weapon out of the holster, which unlocks it. At this time, the active holding member, e.g. an ultrasonic sensor for distance measurement, in the active state and remains in this by the hand on the handle. As long as the active holding element is activated, so long as the weapon is held uninterrupted following one and the same hand, can then be fired with the weapon. In an advantageous embodiment, thereby, e.g. visually indicated by an LED on the weapon that the weapon is unlocked. The coupling of the coupling regions, or the corresponding experiment, can also be performed, e.g. visually indicated by an LED. 8/33 -8- PI3435
If the user is e.g. the weapon knocked out of hand, the Aktivhalteele-ment inevitably loses contact with the user's hand, this then switches to the disabled state and thus the weapon can not be operated.
An "opponent" So can not fire the weapon. Only when this is used again in the holster, it can be unlocked again, etc.
The features of the invention thus generally result in that, as long as the locking mechanism is in the locked state, no shot can be delivered with the firearm, since in this locked state, the firing trigger mechanism is locked against actuation, either by the transmission of the firing trigger at any point the shot firing mechanism is blocked, or by interrupting the transmission of the firing burst at any point. Characteristic of these features is that the firearm, after the locking unit has been released by the unlocking element, remains so long and permanently in a condition permitting a firing as it is continuously in the hand, and thus by the person carrying it held in the release state, is held, since the hand, preferably on the handle of the firearm, the prerequisite is that the active holding element remains in the active position or active state. Any interruption of the holding of the hand causes the active holding element in the locked position or locked state changes over, whereby a firing is permanently prevented until a renewed activation by means of the unlocking element.
This ensures that only the person who possesses the unlocking element can use the firearm and anyone else who comes into possession of the firearm, either by accident or deliberately stealing, can not fire. In this case, the coupling of the two coupling areas can be done by any technique or method that is able to make an identification by the coupling and the active holding element can use any technique or method that is able to detect a hand on a weapon , In this case, the respectively required electrical or electronic is activated by a switch so that no energy is consumed in the idle state.
Ideally, the locking device is designed so that the switch (s) are activated by pulling the weapon, as this is the normal handling of a PI3435
Weapon corresponds, but also a partial insertion or insertion of the firearm in the receiving area of the unlocking or at least partially removing or pulling the firearm from the receiving area of the unlocking or pushing the firearm in the receiving area of the unlocking unit can operate the switch or the switch if necessary. By or one of these switches, preferably all the electronics in the weapon is activated, thus activating their power supply, so that they can perform their respective function, this concerns both the locking mechanism and the active holding element in an electromechanical or electronic design, e.g. as a sensor. For the maintenance of the power supply, this switch preferably has no function, it is preferably only the activation. In this case, in an advantageous embodiment, the activation of a switch by a signal, e.g. an optical signal through a light emitting diode displayed. Thus, the status of the functions can be monitored and thus consequences of malfunctions can be prevented.
In a preferred solution, the switches are arranged in such a way that the switch or switches on the unlocking unit are actuated by the weapon and the switch or switches on the weapon by the unlocking unit, as this makes automatic actuation possible.
In an alternative embodiment, the switch or switches is actuated by the gripping of the weapon and / or deliberate pressing, wherein the switch or switches in this case are preferably attached to the handle of the weapon. Such switches on a weapon are a very simple and inexpensive solution that does not require changes to an existing design.
The coupling of the coupling regions can also take place during the pulling of the weapon from the unlocking unit, wherein this coupling of the coupling regions is triggered by the pulling of the weapon. By doing so, the locking device can be designed so that it is not noticed at all during normal handling of the weapon. Also, the unlocking member and thus the unlocking coupling portion can be mounted in any position in the opening portion of the unlocking unit, so that the locking mechanism coupling portion is e.g. while pulling past it and detected it. 10/33 -10- PI3435
In a preferred embodiment, the coupling of the coupling regions takes place only until the locking mechanism has changed into a release state, since this is sufficient for an identification. As a result, very little energy is needed for the coupling process.
In an advantageous embodiment, the unlocking element is designed with the unlocking element coupling region as a transmitter and the locking mechanism coupling region as a receiver, and the coupling regions are coupled when a transmitter signal matches a defined pattern in the receiver. This makes it possible that an unlocking element is clearly assigned to a weapon.
In an alternative embodiment, the unlocking element is implemented with the unlocking element coupling region as the optical code and the locking mechanism coupling region as the optical sensor, and the coupling regions are coupled when a code sensed by the optical sensor matches a defined pattern. Optical codes are a widely used and reliable technology, e.g. in the form of so-called barcodes, for which therefore very cheap components are available.
It is also possible that the optical sensor detects the reflections of a laser beam, whereby the optical code can be executed and measured three-dimensionally, which in addition to the optical two-dimensionality and a third spatial dimension can be detected what the complexity and thus the falsification of the Codes are significantly increased.
Ideally, a laser already built into the weapon would be used to assist in targeting this coupling of the coupling areas, eliminating the need for an additional laser, which is a very economical solution.
In another alternative embodiment, the unlocking member having the unlocking member coupling portion is configured as a three-dimensional ultrasonic measuring code, and the locking mechanism coupling portion is an ultrasonic sensor and the coupling portions are coupled when a code detected by the ultrasonic sensor matches a defined pattern when Unlocking element is sonicated with ultrasound. The performance of ultrasound sensors enables the accurate detection of three-dimensional structures at the current state of the art, allowing a very wide variety of unique codes even in the non-optical range.
To further increase the security against counterfeiting, the unlocking element, which is embodied as an optical and / or three-dimensional code, can also be made of different materials, preferably with differently reflecting surfaces. Thus, a simple automated copying even with the latest technology is currently impossible.
In another alternative embodiment, one of the coupling regions is embodied as electronically stored code and the other as identer electronically stored code, and the coupling regions are coupled when a code comparison made by direct electrical contact coincides. This is a very simple solution which is particularly simple and inexpensive to implement, whereby also already assigned to the user signatures from other applications, such as. can be used in smart cards, can be used. Thus, e.g. a smart card is inserted into a prepared unlocking unit which takes over the function of the unlocking element. As a result, complex, forgery-proof because in the chip of the chip card hardware bound algorithms can be used. Of course, such a chip but also firmly installed in the unlocking come as an unlocking element used.
In a preferred embodiment, transmitter and receiver communicate electromagnetically. Such communication is considered the current standard and is widely used. It is therefore possible to fall back on proven concepts in this regard.
Thus, in an electromagnetic coupling of the coupling areas this coupling can not be disturbed by interference by so-called. Jammer, the opening portion of the recording of unlocking the firearm at least partially enclosing, with an opening portion for introducing the firearm into the receptacle, be formed, preferably the Recording at least partially or completely formed of a material or provided with material deposits, which material or which material deposits is / are suitable to shield electromagnetic radiation. As a result, even when using e.g. Radio (RF) for coupling the coupling areas for a non-interfering coupling provided, in which a special 12/33 -12- PI3435 advantage of this invention, since this is for a reliable application of even complex radio methods, such as active and passive transponders , cares. This invalidates one of the main criticisms of this technology in its use for weapons.
In the case of an optical coupling of the coupling regions, this coupling between transmitter and receiver can take place both in the visible and in the region of the invisible spectrum. The latter can be an advantage in optical solutions when used in darkness.
When using sound waves between a transmitter and receiver to couple the coupling regions, both the audible and non-audible region of the spectrum can be used. The latter has the advantage that transmitter and receiver can communicate silently for the human ear.
In this case, the blocking device can be designed so that the transmitter each receives its energy by induction by the weapon a suitable for energy transmission, e.g. electromagnetic radiation emitted by a transmitter. As a result, the unlocking requires no separate power source, whereby the operation is greatly simplified which in turn significantly increases the reliability and thereby the acceptance of the users.
In this case, the coupling of the coupling regions can also take place in the manner of a transponder in that the transmitter reacts directly to an energy signal or a request signal. As a result, no additional switch is required on the unlocking unit which activates the unlocking element when it is in the form of a transmitter. Thus, the construction is easier and the reliability is increased.
In an alternative embodiment, the transmitter can also be activated by a switch on the unlocking unit by at least partially inserting or introducing the firearm into the receiving area of the unlocking unit or at least partially removing or pulling the firearm from the receiving area of the unlocking unit or pressing the Firearm in the receiving area of the unlocking unit activates the transmitter. 13/33 -13- PI3435
In this case, the active holding element can be designed differently, e.g. For example, the active retaining element can be designed as a mechanical active retaining element, for example as a mechanical grip lever. In this case, the active holding element may be designed as a handle lever, which is mechanically coupled to a known from AT 511571 Bl method with a locking rod, so that the handle lever moves the locking bar, the locking bar can only be moved when the locking device due to allows a release state, and wherein in a locked state, the locking bar is blocked against moving. In this case, e.g. a principle with a locking hook positioned by a spring as known from AT 511571 Bl come into application, wherein the function of the mechanical lock from AT 511571 Bl in this embodiment is carried out by an electronic lock, which is designed with electromechanically executed coupling areas. As a result, the electromechanical locking mechanism must be supplied only for reaching the release state with power. Once the locking device, and thus the weapon, has been released after the coupling areas have been coupled and the mechanical active-holding element has been actuated, all the electronics can be switched off, which can take place automatically once the release state has been reached, by e.g. the position of the locking bar is detected by an electrical contactor (switch). The release state is maintained in the sequence by the mechanical pressure of the hand on the active holding member. If the pressure on the active holding element is interrupted, this changes by a restoring force, e.g. introduced by a spring as known from AT 511571 Bl, in the locked position, whereby the pawl as known from AT 511571 Bl blocks the locking bar. The advantage of this solution is that electricity is only needed to reach the release state, but the release state can then be maintained without electricity, which represents a very energy-saving implementation.
It can also be provided that the active holding element as an electro-mechanical active holding element, for example as an electromechanical switch, e.g. like a normal electrical pressure switch is formed.
Preferably, however, it is provided that the active holding element is designed as an electronic sensor, for example as an ultrasonic sensor and / or a capacitive sensor and / or a pressure sensor and / or an optical sensor and / or a resistance sensor and / or a thermal sensor. This is an adaptation to all imaginable 14/33 -14- PI3435
Requirements and applications possible. In this case, e.g. an ultrasonic sensor operate such that it emits a short ultrasound signal at short intervals and measures the time to the reflection signal and thus determines the removal of the hand on the handle of the weapon.
The execution of the locking device can also be done so that the weapon can be pulled only after a successful coupling of the coupling areas, whereby the weapon can only be pulled activated. The weapon is e.g. fixed by a fixing element, such as a fixing hook in the unlocking, which is released by an electromechanical device after coupling the coupling areas. As a result, the user has the assurance that if he can pull the gun, this is also safely activated, otherwise the weapon is fixed in the unlocking unit, which in turn minimizes the risk of loss of the weapon.
In order to further increase safety, the coupling of the coupling areas can be made possible only after a previously performed biometric test on the unlocking unit. Such tests to get to a weapon have been state of the art and known in many variants for some time. This ensures that the weapon can not be used by unauthorized persons even if the unlocking unit is passed on. Another advantage of such a solution is that the sensitive biometric electronics does not have to be installed directly into the weapon, if such value is set.
In this case, the locking device can also be designed so that the weapon can only be pulled out of the unlocking unit after a successful biometric check. The firearm is locked by an additional locking unit in the unlocking in this and the unlocking unit has at least one device for checking biometric features of a user, this additional locking unit releases the firearm only after a successful biometric test on the unlocking unit, so that these from the Unlocking unit can be pulled. Thus, a maximum of security is made, since the weapon is locked in the idle state in the unlocking unit.
In one embodiment, the unlocking element can be inserted into or removed from an unlocking unit without an unlocking element, or the unlocking coupling region is replaced by an element to be inserted with its characteristic coupling properties, e.g. the characteristics of a transmitter signal are determined by a chip of an insertable into the unlocking smart card. As a result, on the one hand, identical unlocking units can be used which are cheaper to produce and, on the other hand, the authorized user of the weapon can carry the unlocking element or the element which gives the unlocking element its properties at any time, for example on a keychain or in a wallet, provided the weapon should be locked against use.
The invention is thus characterized in that the firearm can only be activated if it is at least partially in a receiving area of their matching unlocking unit with the corresponding unlocking, because this is the coupling of the coupling areas, and at the same time an active holding element on the handle of the weapon is activated or activated. Thereafter, the weapon remains activated as long as the hand comprises the handle, whereby the active retaining element remains activated. Once this enclosure of the handle is no longer available, the locking device switches to the locked state, so that the firearm can not be used and can only be re-activated by re-insertion into the opening area of the unlocking and re-embracing the handle. The lock may be an extra built-in for this purpose as well as a lock or lock already present in the firearm.
The invention can be used on or in all small arms. In the case of small arms, these are primarily mobile firearms with explosive ammunition, but also all other mobile firearms, such as those, by means of the pressure of gases or tensioned springs or other type of acceleration a variety of bodies, particles, liquids or gases shoot, even those on electrical lines with electrical charge as a taser.
In the following, the invention will be illustrated by means of several preferred solutions. In these preferred solutions, the firearm in which the device is shown incorporated is one of the most widely used pistols, especially in the executive, the active-holding element is an ultrasonic sensor and the unlocking unit is attached to the unlocking element to fit a pistol to the holster's 16/33 -16- PI3435. For the coupling of the coupling areas and the switches different solutions are shown and explained.
The advantages of the solutions shown are, in particular, that the locking device at a normal handling of the pistol shown is not noticed, thus no obstruction in the application occurs, and that a maximum of safety and efficiency is achieved by the illustrated embodiments.
The invention together with further advantages is explained in more detail below with reference to some exemplary non-limiting embodiments, which are illustrated in the figures. This shows
1 is a perspective view of a firearm, as carried in a holster with a switch on the weapon in a partial section,
2 shows the switch on the weapon in the rest position as a detail from FIG. 1, FIG.
3 is a perspective view of the firearm with the switch on the weapon in a partial section, as it is just pulled out of the holster,
4 shows the switch on the weapon in the activated position as a detail from FIG. 3, FIG.
5 is a perspective view of a firearm, as it is carried in a holster with a switch on the holster in a partial section,
6 shows the switch on the holster in the rest position as a detail from FIG. 5, FIG.
7 is a perspective view of the firearm with the switch on the holster in a partial section, as it is just pulled out of the holster,
Fig. 8 shows the switch on the holster in the activated position as a detail of Fig. 7, and
Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a firearm with a fixing hook in a partial section, as it is just pulled out of the holster.
Fig. 1 shows a firearm 1 with a weapon body 2, as in an unlocking unit 3, which is carried out in this example as a holster 3, cut in a part-cut 17/33 -17- PI3435. An unlocking element 4, which forms the unlocking element coupling region 4, which in this example is designed as a transponder 4, is mounted in the holster 3.
The weapon body 2 contains a locking unit 5 consisting of an electromechanical locking mechanism 6 with a locking mechanism coupling region 7 designed as a transmitter / receiver 7, a switch 8 and a movable by an electromagnet carrier 9, which positions a locking bar 10. Furthermore, the locking unit comprises an active holding element 11, which is embodied in this example as an ultrasonic sensor 11, wherein the active holding element 11 is connected by one or more electrical leads 12 to the electromechanical locking mechanism 6. The electromechanical locking mechanism 6 also contains the necessary for the realization of the logic circuit electrics and electronics which forms an electronic evaluation unit and an electrical energy source (not shown).
Fig. 2 shows as a detail of Fig. 1, the switch 8, as it protrudes into a recess in the holster 3, whereby it is in the rest position. The weapon is therefore in rest position. The active holding element 11, designed as an ultrasonic sensor 11, is in the locked state 13, the electromechanical locking mechanism 6 is thus in its locked state 14, the weapon 1 is thus locked. There is no circuit activated (or the electronics are not activated) and no energy is consumed. The driver 9 is located in the representation in a right stop position, whereby the locking rod 10 is brought into a right stop position. As a result, the locking bar 10 blocks a known from the prior art and not described in detail firing trigger mechanism 15 by a known from AT 511571 Bl prior art rotational rotation on the locking bar 10 is shifted such that a trigger 16 as part of the firing trigger mechanism 15th is blocked and thus can not be operated. The weapon is inserted in the receiving area 17 of the holster 3 up to the stop.
Fig. 3 shows in a partial section, as the weapon 1 is pulled out of the receiving area 17 and thus from the holster 3. The switch 8 is pressed by a link 18 on the holster during the drawing process, thereby the entire electrics / electronics in the weapon 1 is activated so that they can perform their respective function, this affects both the locking mechanism 6 and the active holding member 11 in the form of Ultrasonic sensor 11. The ultrasonic sensor 11 checks by distance measurement, whether a hand 19 on the handle of the 18/33 -18- PI3435
Weapon 1 is located and detects, it is thus in the active state 20, represented by concentric rings, and the transmitter / receiver 7 sends a signal, preferably a high-energy signal, and checks whether the transponder 4 then with a code as a return, represented as concentric rings 21, responds, and whether this returned code matches a code stored in the transceiver 7 code. The result of these two tests is processed in the electronic evaluation unit. If both tests are positive, the electronic evaluation unit activates a circuit which moves the carrier 9 linearly to the left by the electromagnet against a return element, for example a spring, into a stop position, whereby the blocking rod 10 is also moved to a stop position to the left. As a result, the backdrop on the locking bar 10 releases the counter scenery on the trigger 16 of the firing trigger mechanism 15 and the trigger 16 can be actuated. Also, the weapon, the disassembly mechanism was blocked, for example, according to a known from AT 511571 Bl as the prior art and not described here method in which a locking slide is blocked by a locking bar was now disassembled. The electromechanical locking mechanism 6 is thus in release state 22, the weapon 1 is thus unlocked. As a result, the weapon 1 remains unlocked as long as the active holding member 11, formed as an ultrasonic sensor 11, the hand 19 detects the handle of the weapon 1, since the electronic evaluation unit, the electrics / electronics activated as long and the driver 9 by the electromagnet as long stops in stop position, as the ultrasonic sensor 11 detects the hand on the handle of the weapon 1. If the ultrasonic sensor 11 no longer detects a hand 19, which means that the hand 19 exceeds a predetermined distance from the handle of the weapon 1, the electronic evaluation unit switches off the entire electrical / electronic system. As a result, the electromagnet is deactivated, which holds the driver 9 against the return element (against the spring) in position. As a result, the driver 9 and with him the locking rod 10 back to the stop position on the right, bringing the weapon 1 is locked. The weapon 1 can no longer be shot, it can not be disassembled, and no energy is used. A renewed activation of the weapon 1 is possible only by re-insertion into the holster 3.
Fig. 4 shows as a detail of Fig. 3, as the switch 8 is pressed by the link 18 of the holster 3. 19/33 -19- PI3435
In an alternative preferred embodiment, the entire structure is also as in Figs. 1 to 4, the unlocking element 4 which forms the unlocking coupling region 4, but is designed as an optical code and the locking mechanism coupling region 7 as an optical sensor 7, for example as a camera sensor 7. In this case, the camera sensor 7 must perceive a specific optical code so that the two coupling regions 4, 7 are considered coupled. Everything else is the same as already described.
FIGS. 5 to 8 show a further preferred embodiment of a firearm 1 with a holster 3, in which a switch 23 on the holster 3 is connected to an unlocking element 4 and a current source 24 by a circuit 25, wherein the unlocking element 4, which releases the unlocking element 4. Coupling area 4 forms, is designed as a transmitter. This embodiment is particularly advantageous when an energy source in the holster 3 is required for further functions. It will be described in the following, only the differences from the previously presented embodiments. In Fig. 5, the weapon 1 is in the disabled and locked state. The active holding element 11 is in the locked state 13, the electromechanical locking mechanism 6 is in the locked state 14, the weapon 1 is deactivated. The switch 23 projects into a recess 26 in the weapon 1 and is thus not active, the circuit 25 is deactivated.
Fig. 6 shows a detail of Fig. 5, the switch 23 in the deactivated state.
Fig. 7 shows how the weapon 1 is pulled out of the receiving area 17 and thus from the holster 3, the ultrasonic sensor 11 is in the active state 20, the locking mechanism 6, and thus the weapon 1, is in the release state 23. The switch 23 leaves the recess 26 and is pressed on the weapon 1 by this during the drawing process, thereby the circuit 25 is activated and the transmitter 4 sends its characteristic signal, represented by concentric rings 21. The entire electrics / electronics in the weapon 1 is in this Embodiment either the same as in the embodiments shown above activated or by an activation switch to be operated differently, for example, on the handle of the weapon 1 (not shown). The locking mechanism coupling region 7 is designed as a pure receiver 7. Everything else is the same as in the previously described embodiments.
Fig. 8 shows as a detail of Fig. 7, as the switch 23 is pressed by the weapon 1 during the pulling. 20/33 -20- PI3435
Fig. 9 shows a further preferred embodiment of a firearm 1 with a holster 3, in which a fixing hook 27 is inserted into an electromechanical locking mechanism 6 and taken from this, while pulling out of the receiving area 17 and thus from the holster 3. The coupling areas can be configured as desired, eg as described in the other variants illustrated. The ultrasonic sensor 11 is in the active state 20, the locking mechanism 6, and thus the weapon 1, is in the release state 22. A switch (not shown) for activating the electrical / electronic weapon is in this embodiment within the electromechanical locking mechanism 6 and this is activated by pulling on the weapon 1 by hooking the hook of the fixing hook 27 in this switch when the weapon is in the locked state 14, whereby he fixed it in the holster 3, and as soon as the weapon 1 is pulled, is operated. As soon as this switch is activated, the coupling regions 4, 7 and the grip sensor 11 are checked. If the status is positive in both cases, the weapon 1 is released and at the same time the electromechanical blocking mechanism 6 releases the fixing hook 27 by the switch is moved away from the region of the hook of the fixing hook 27 by an electromagnet. The weapon can thus be pulled. Otherwise it stays fixed in the holster 3. Everything else is the same as in the previously described embodiments. 21/33

权利要求:
Claims (35)
[1]
1. A locking device for firearms for releasable blocking by blocking or interrupting a firing mechanism (15) of a firearm (1), the blocking device comprising: +) a locking unit (5) arranged on the firearm (1), wherein the Locking unit (5) *) comprises at least one electromechanical locking mechanism (6), and further *) at least one active retaining element (11) which is capable of a user's hand on the firearm (1), preferably on a handle of the firearm (1) to detect, +) a separate from the firearm (1) unlocking element (4), wherein the unlocking element (4) on an unlocking unit (3) is mounted, which has a receiving area (17) for at least partially receiving the weapon (1) comprises, and wherein the locking mechanism (6) of the locking unit (5) has a locking mechanism coupling region (7), and wherein the Entriegelungse Lement (4) has a corresponding Entriegelungselement coupling region (4) or forms a corresponding Entriegelungselement coupling region (4), and wherein the locking mechanism (6) with the firing mechanism (15) of the firearm (1) is coupled such that in a locking state (14) of the locking mechanism (6) of the shot firing mechanism (15) is locked for a shot trigger, and in a release state (22) of the locking mechanism (6) of the firing trigger mechanism (15) is triggered, and wherein the active retaining element (11) with the Locking mechanism (6) is coupled such that the locking mechanism (6) when in the release state (22) is located in the release state (22) as long as the active retaining element (11 ) is in an active position or in an active state (20), and b) changes to a locking state (14) when the active holding element (11) in a blocking position or in a blocking state (13) changes, and wherein the blocking device further comprises at least one switch (8, 23), by means of which at least one switch (8, 23) via an electronic, e.g. at least one circuit, the unlocking element coupling region (4) and / or the locking mechanism coupling region (7) is on or off, and wherein, as a result of coupling the coupling regions (4, 7), the locking mechanism (6) from its locking state in the release state (22) changes, characterized in that a coupling of the coupling regions (4, 7) takes place in that -) the firearm (1) at least partially in the receptacle (17) of the unlocking unit (3) is inserted or in the Recording (17) is inserted, and - at the same time at least the at least one switch (8,23) is actuated or actuated.
[2]
2. Locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking mechanism (6) of the locking state (14) in the release state (22) changes when the two coupling areas (4, 7) are coupled and at the same time the active holding element (11) in an active position or in an active state (20) is located.
[3]
3. Locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking mechanism (6) of the locking state (14) in the release state (22) changes when the active holding element (11) is in an active position or in an active state (20) the active retaining element (11) can be brought into an active position or into an active state (20) only when the two coupling regions (4, 7) are coupled. 23/33 -23- PI3435
[4]
4. Locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking mechanism (6) from the locking state (14) in the release state (22) changes when the two coupling regions (4, 7) are coupled, wherein the two coupling regions (4, 7) can only be coupled when the active holding element (11) is in an active position or in an active state (20).
[5]
5. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the one or more switches (8, 23) by, preferably manually, at least partially introducing or introducing the firearm (1) in the receiving area (17) of the unlocking unit (3 ) or at least partially removing or pulling the firearm (1) out of the receiving area (17) of the unlocking unit (3) or pushing the firearm (1) into the receiving area (17) of the unlocking unit (3).
[6]
6. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the one or more switches (8, 23) on the weapon (1) and / or on the unlocking unit (3) is / are arranged, wherein one of the unlocking unit ( 3) arranged switch (23) by the weapon (1) and one on the weapon (1) arranged switch (8) by the unlocking unit (3) is actuated.
[7]
7. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the one or more switches (8, 23) are arranged on the handle of the weapon (1).
[8]
8. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the coupling of the coupling regions (4, 7) takes place during the pulling of the weapon (1) from the unlocking unit (3).
[9]
9. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the coupling of the coupling regions (4, 7) only takes place until the locking mechanism (6) is changed to a release state (22).
[10]
10. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the unlocking element (4) with the unlocking element coupling region (4) is designed as a transmitter (4) and the locking mechanism coupling region (7) is designed as a receiver, and that the coupling regions (4, 7) are coupled when a transmitter signal matches a defined signal pattern in the receiver. 24/33 -24- PI3435
[11]
11. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the unlocking element (4) with the unlocking element coupling region (4) is designed as an optical code and the locking mechanism coupling region (7) is designed as an optical sensor, and that the Coupling regions (4, 7) are coupled when a detected by the optical sensor (7) code matches a defined code pattern.
[12]
12. Locking device according to claim 11, characterized in that the optical sensor (7) detects the reflections of a laser beam.
[13]
Locking device according to claim 12, characterized in that a laser built into the firearm, e.g. for assisting aiming with the firearm for coupling the coupling areas.
[14]
14. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the unlocking element (4) with the unlocking element coupling region (4) is designed as a three-dimensional code for measuring by means of ultrasound and the locking mechanism coupling region (7) as an ultrasonic sensor (7). is executed, and that the coupling regions (4, 7) are coupled when a detected by the ultrasonic sensor (7) code coincides with a defined pattern when the unlocking element (4) is sonicated.
[15]
15. Locking device according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the unlocking element (4) designed as optical and / or three-dimensional code (4) made of different materials, preferably with different reflective surfaces, is executed.
[16]
16. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that one of the coupling regions (4, 7) is an electronically stored code and the other an identical electronically stored code and that the coupling regions (4, 7) are then coupled, if a code comparison made by direct electrical contact.
[17]
17. Locking device according to claim 10, characterized in that transmitter (4) and receiver (7) communicate electromagnetically. 25/33 -25- PI3435
[18]
18. Locking device according to claim 17, characterized in that the receptacle (17) of the unlocking unit (3) the firearm (1) is at least partially enclosing, with an opening portion for introducing the firearm (1) into the receptacle (17) is formed, and wherein preferably the receptacle (17) is at least partially or completely formed from a material or provided with material inserts, which material or which material inserts is / are suitable for shielding electromagnetic radiation.
[19]
19. Locking device according to claim 10, characterized in that transmitter (4) and receiver (7) communicate optically, for example in the region of the invisible spectrum or in the region of the visible spectrum.
[20]
20. Locking device according to claim 10, characterized in that transmitter (4) and receiver (7) communicate by sound waves, for example in the region of the inaudible spectrum or in the audible spectrum.
[21]
21. Locking device according to one of claims 10 and 17 to 20, characterized in that the transmitter (4) receives its energy by induction by the weapon (1) emits a radiation suitable for energy transmission by a transmitter.
[22]
22. Locking device according to one of claims 10 and 17 to 21, characterized in that the unlocking element (4) operates in the manner of a transponder.
[23]
23. Locking device according to claim 21, characterized in that the transmitter (4) is activated in that the switch (8, 23) on the unlocking unit (3) by at least partially introducing or introducing the firearm (1) in the unlocking unit (3). 3) or at least partially removing or pulling the firearm (1) from the unlocking unit (3) or pushing the firearm (1) into the unlocking unit (3) activates the transmitter.
[24]
24. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the active holding element (11) is designed as a mechanical active holding element, for example as a mechanical handle lever. 26/33 -26- PI3435
[25]
25. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the active holding element (11) is designed as an electromechanical active holding element, for example as an electromechanical switch.
[26]
26. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the active holding element (11) as an electronic active holding element, in particular as a sensor, for example as *) an ultrasonic sensor and / or *) a capacitive sensor and / or *) a pressure sensor and / or *) an optical sensor and / or *) a resistance sensor and / or *) a thermal sensor is formed.
[27]
27. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the weapon (1) when it is deactivated, in the unlocking unit (3) by a fixing element, such as a fixing hook (27) is fixed, and only after a successful Coupling of the coupling regions (4, 7) which releases the fixing element, for example, the fixing hook (27), can be pulled, whereby the weapon (1) can be pulled only in the activated state.
[28]
28. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 27, characterized in that the unlocking unit (3) has at least one device for checking biometric features of a user, and that coupling the coupling regions (4, 7) only after a previous biometric test the unlocking unit (3) is possible.
[29]
29. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 28, characterized in that the firearm (1) by an additional locking unit in the unlocking unit (3) can be locked in this and the unlocking unit (3) at least one means for 27/33 -27 - PI3435 checking biometric features of a user, said additional locking unit releases the firearm (1) only after a successful biometric test on the unlocking unit (3), so that it can be pulled out of the unlocking unit (3).
[30]
30. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 29, characterized in that the unlocking element (4) inserted into an unlocking unit (3) and this can also be removed again or receives the unlocking coupling region by a einzusetzendes and again removable element its characteristic coupling properties ,
[31]
31 firearm with a locking device according to one of claims 1 to 30 or with those components of a locking device according to one of claims 1 to 30, which are arranged on the firearm (1).
[32]
32. Entriegelungseinheit with those components of a locking device according to one of claims 1 to 30, which are arranged on the unlocking unit (3).
[33]
33. A method for resolving a lock firing mechanism (15) of a firearm (1), wherein for releasable blocking by blocking or interrupting the firing trigger mechanism (15) of the firearm (1) a locking device according to one of claims 1 to 30 is provided, characterized by the following steps: 1) at least partially inserting or inserting the firearm (1) into the receiving area (17) of the unlocking unit (3), 2) actuating the switch (8, 23), preferably by pressing the switch or at least partially inserting or Inserting the firearm (1) into the unlocking unit (3) or at least partially removing or pulling the firearm (1) from the unlocking unit (3) or pushing the firearm (1) into the unlocking unit (3), 3) Spending the active retaining element (11) by a user from a blocking position or a blocking state (13) in an active position or in an active state (20) and gl coupling the two coupling areas (4, 7), 28 / 33-28- PI3435 so that the locking mechanism (6) locks the locking state (14) blocking or interrupting the firing trigger mechanism (15) of the firearm (1) into a firing trigger mechanism (15). the firearm releasing release state (22) changes.
[34]
34. A method for solving a lock of a firing trigger mechanism (15) of a firearm (1), wherein for releasable blocking by blocking or interrupting the firing trigger mechanism (15) of the firearm (1) a locking device according to one of claims 1 to 30 is provided, characterized by the following steps: 1) at least partially inserting or introducing the firearm (1) into the receiving area (17) of the unlocking unit (3), 2) actuating the switch (8, 23), preferably by pressing the switch or at least partially inserting or introducing the firearm (1) into the unlocking unit (3) or at least partially removing or pulling the firearm (1) out of the unlocking unit (3) or pushing the firearm (1) into the unlocking unit (3), 3) coupling the firearm two coupling areas (4, 7), 4) Spend the active holding element (11) of the user from a blocking position or a blocking state (13) in an active or in an active state (20), so that the locking mechanism (6) of the firing device (15) of the firearm (1) blocking or interrupting locking state (14) in a firing trigger mechanism (15) of the firearm releasing release state (22) changes ,
[35]
35. A method for solving a lock of a firing trigger mechanism (15) of a firearm (1), wherein for releasable blocking by blocking or interrupting the firing trigger mechanism (15) of the firearm (1) a locking device according to one of claims 1 to 30 is provided, characterized by the following steps: 1) at least partially inserting or inserting the firearm (1) into the receiving area (17) of the unlocking unit (3), 2) actuating the switch (8, 23), preferably by pressing the switch or at least partially inserting or Inserting the firearm (1) into the unlocking unit (3) or at least partially removing or pulling the firearm (1) out of the unlocking unit (3) or pushing the firearm (1) into the unlocking unit (3 ), 3) Spend the active holding element (11) of the user of a blocking position or a blocking state (13) in an active position or in an activz coupling the two coupling regions (4, 7), so that the locking mechanism (6) of the locking state (14) blocking or interrupting the firing trigger mechanism (15) of the firearm (1) into a shot firing mechanism (15) of Firearm releasing release state (22) changes. 30/33

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同族专利:

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法律状态:
2019-07-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20181105 |

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

AT507322013A|AT513115B1|2013-11-05|2013-11-05|Electromechanical locking device for a firearm to allow use only by the authorized user|AT507322013A| AT513115B1|2013-11-05|2013-11-05|Electromechanical locking device for a firearm to allow use only by the authorized user|

PCT/AT2014/050264| WO2015066744A1|2013-11-05|2014-11-05|Electromechanical blocking device for a firearm in order to allow use only to authorized users|

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